Participatory organization

A participatory organization is an organization which is built based on public participation rather than their contract obligations.

Types

Different types of participatory organizations are possible including production companies, membership organizations (such as trade unions), and co-operatives. They can be legally registered formal organizations or may object to state regulation and be considered an informal organization.

Participatory organizations can have different levels of participation, ranging from complete economic transparency, to participatory management, and ultimately labor management.

Criticism

Participatory organizations are negatively affected by the free-rider problem, can be inefficient, and lack clear leadership and strategy.

See also

• Gift economy
• Human-based genetic algorithm
• Public participation
• Reciprocity
• Stigmergy
• Voluntary association

References

1. B.Guy Peters (2014). The Politics of Bureaucracy; An Introduction to Comparative Public Administration. Taylor & Francis. p. 38. ISBN 9781136706172.
2. Ryoko Tsuneyoshi (2013). Japanese Model of Schooling; Comparisons with the U.S. Taylor & Francis. p. 186. ISBN 9781136600869.
3. Deborah Eade; Suzanne Williams (1995). The Oxfam Handbook of Development and Relief. Vol. 2. Oxfam. pp. 509–512. ISBN 9780855983086.
4. Alexis P Jacquemin; Henry W de Jong (2016). European Industrial Organisation. Macmillan Education. pp. 190–192. ISBN 9781349861675.
5. Fulton, Murray (2001). "Leadership in democratic and participatory organizations". Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics. 49 (4): 381–394. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7976.2001.tb00314.x.